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Designing Physical-Object-Oriented Interactions in Augmented Reality : 물리적인 물체에 기반한 증강 현실 인터액션 설계

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dc.contributor.advisor서진욱-
dc.contributor.author채한주-
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-13T02:57:20Z-
dc.date.available2020-10-13T02:57:20Z-
dc.date.issued2020-
dc.identifier.other000000163034-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/169342-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000163034ko_KR
dc.description학위논문 (박사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 컴퓨터공학부, 2020. 8. 서진욱.-
dc.description.abstractAugmented reality (AR) technology today tightly integrates virtual content into physical objects and environment and provides seamless interactions through advanced computer vision techniques, such as spatial registration, object tracking, and gesture recognition. The goal of this dissertation is to create a framework of Physical-Object-Oriented Interaction (POOI)--in which the interaction methods between digital and real objects, as well as resulting outcome, are driven by the physical properties of real objects--and to design a series of systems based on the framework to effectively interact within the environment where physical and virtual objects coexist.

To support effective interactions between physical objects and virtual content, we first coordinate the underlying taxonomy of the interactions between physical objects and virtual content and present a standard high-level framework of POOI. The POOI framework includes five major characteristics--abstraction, modularization, reusability, context-awareness, and customizability. Second, we present a Wall-based Space Manipulation (WSM) technique that enables users to efficiently select and move distant objects by dynamically squeezing their surrounding space in AR. Our user study results indicate that WSM overall performed consistently well and significantly improved efficiency while alleviating arm fatigue. Third, we derive a conceptual framework for an AR photo experience and use it to design ARphy, a tangible interface that enables people to organize photo collections along with physical objects in AR. We also present an ARphy Interaction Design Toolkit, which enables users to register their personal objects to the system and author interactivity for each of them. Our findings from a qualitative user study indicate that ARphy is intuitive, immersive, and enjoyable and has the potential to guide interactions for connecting various types of digital content with physical objects. Finally, summarizing the three studies, we discuss the design challenges of POOI as well as future research agendas.
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dc.description.abstract증강 현실 기술은 가상의 콘텐츠를 물리적인 실제 물체와 통합하고, 공간 등록, 물체 추적, 동작 인식 등의 최신 비전 기술과 연계하여 자연스러운 상호작용을 가능케 한다. 본 논문은 가상과 실제 물체 간의 상호작용 방식과 그 결과가 실제 물체의 물리적인 속성에 의해 결정되는 Physical-Object-Oriented Interaction (POOI) 프레임워크를 만들고, 이에 기반하여 실제와 가상의 물체가 혼재한 환경에서 효과적으로 상호작용 할 수 있는 일련의 증강현실 시스템을 디자인하는 것을 목표로 한다.

첫째로, 표준화된 high-level POOI 프레임워크를 소개한다. 해당 프레임워크는 기존 연구를 토대로 실제 물체와 가상의 콘텐츠 간에 이루어지는 상호작용의 분류 체계를 정리하여 제작되었으며, 다섯 가지의 주요 형질--추상성, 모듈성, 재사용성, 상황 인지성, 사용자화성--을 갖는다. 둘째로, 주위 공간을 동적으로 축소시켜 효율적으로 원거리에 있는 물체를 조작할 수 있는 Wall-based Space Manipulation (WSM) 기술을 제안한다. 사용자 실험에 따르면, WSM 기술을 사용하였을 때에 사용하지 않았을 때 보다 효율성 및 일관성에서 더 좋은 결과를 보였으며, 팔의 피로도 또한 더 적은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째로, 본 논문에서 도출한 증강 현실 사진 경험에 대한 개념적 프레임워크를 활용하여 제작된 디지털 사진과 실제 물체를 함께 정리할 수 있는 tangible 인터페이스 ARphy를 제안한다. 또한, 사용자가 직접 본인의 물체를 등록하고 상호작용 방식을 저작하여 사진 컬렉션을 만들 때 활용할 수 있도록 하는 ARphy Interaction Design Toolkit도 함께 제안한다. 사용자 실험에 따르면 ARphy는 직관적이고, 몰입감 있으며, 즐거운 사용자 경험을 제공하는 것으로 나타났고, 추후 다양한 형태의 디지털 콘텐츠와 실제 물체에 대한 연결로 확장될 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다. 마지막으로, 위 세 가지 연구 결과를 종합하여 POOI에 기반한 시스템을 개발할 때의 디자인적 난제와 향후 연구 방향에 대해 모색한다.
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dc.description.tableofcontentsCHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background and Motivation 1
1.2 Thesis Statement and Research Questions 4
1.3 Thesis Contributions 5
1.3.1 Physical-Object-Oriented Interaction 5
1.3.2 Wall-based Space Manipulation Technique for Efficient Placement of Distant Objects 6
1.3.3 Leveraging Physical Objects to Design Personal Photographic Experience 7
1.4 Structure of Dissertation 7
CHAPTER 2 Related Work 9
2.1 Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality 9
2.2 Recent AR Research Trends 10
2.3 Manipulation Techniques 11
2.4 Multimedia Experience in AR 14
2.5 Deeper Integration with Physical Objects 17
CHAPTER 3 Physical-Object-Oriented Interaction 19
3.1 Introduction 19
3.2 The POOI Framework 21
3.2.1 Design Space 21
3.2.2 Digital Representation 22
3.2.3 Interaction 26
3.3 Characteristics 28
3.3.1 Abstraction 28
3.3.2 Modularization 28
3.3.3 Reusability 29
3.3.4 Context Awareness 30
3.3.5 Customizability 31
3.4 Discussion 32
3.4.1 Level of Interaction 32
3.4.2 Bringing Focus to High-level Interactions 34
3.4.3 Digital Representation as Another Virtual Content 35
3.4.4 Reflecting Personal Preferences 35
3.5 WSM and ARphy in Terms of POOI 36
3.5.1 WSM as POOI 37
3.5.2 ARphy as POOI 37
CHAPTER 4 Wall-based Space ManipulationTechnique for Efficient Placement of Distant Objects in Augmented Reality 39
4.1 Introduction 39
4.2 Wall-based Space Manipulation 41
4.2.1 Overview of the Technique 43
4.2.2 Design Decision and Consideration 44
4.2.3 Implementation 47
4.3 User Evaluation 49
4.3.1 Participants 50
4.3.2 Study Design 50
4.3.3 Procedure 51
4.3.4 Results 52
4.4 Discussion 55
4.4.1 WSM Improved Performance with Less Arm Fatigue 55
4.4.2 WSM Enhanced Overall Consistency 55
4.4.3 Wall Plane Was Perceptually Advantageous 56
4.4.4 WSM Is Flexible and Widely Applicable 57
4.5 Limitation and Future Work 58
4.6 Summary 59
CHAPTER 5 Designing A Personal Photographic Experience in Augmented Reality 60
5.1 Introduction 60
5.2 Background 63
5.3 Literature Review 64
5.3.1 Methods 64
5.3.2 Results 67
5.3.3 Extracting Dimensions 69
5.4 Conceptual Framework 70
5.4.1 Theme 1: Photographic Experience 72
5.4.2 Theme 2: Interaction 73
5.4.3 Theme 3: Reality Level 75
5.4.4 Theme 4: Customization 76
5.4.5 Deriving Design Guidelines using the Conceptual Framework 76
5.5 ARphy 79
5.5.1 System Architecture 79
5.5.2 Interactions 82
5.5.3 ARphy Interaction Design Toolkit 85
5.5.4 Prototype and Example Applications 87
5.6 User Evaluation 88
5.6.1 Participants 88
5.6.2 Study Design 89
5.6.3 Results 90
5.6.4 Discussion 93
5.7 Discussion and Future Work 94
5.8 Summary 95
CHAPTER 6 Discussion 97
6.1 Lessons Learned 97
6.1.1 Balance between the Physical and Virtual 97
6.1.2 Customization and Personalization 98
6.1.3 Reducing Dependencies on External Factors to Increase Flexibility 99
6.2 Limitations 99
CHAPTER 7 Conclusion 101
7.1 Thesis Contributions Revisited 101
7.2 Future Research Agenda 103
7.2.1 First-Person Action Recognition 103
7.2.2 Determining Relationship Between Objects 103
7.3 Final Remarks 104
Abstract (Korean) 119
Acknowledgments (Korean) 121
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dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectHuman-computer Interaction-
dc.subjectMixed & Augmented Reality-
dc.subjectUser Interface Design-
dc.subjectConceptual Framework-
dc.subjectRemote Manipulation-
dc.subjectTangible Interaction-
dc.subjectInteractivity Authoring-
dc.subjectCustomization-
dc.subjectLiterature Review-
dc.subjectThematic Analysis-
dc.subjectUser Study-
dc.subject인간-컴퓨터 상호작용-
dc.subject혼합/증강 현실-
dc.subject사용자 인터페이스 디자인-
dc.subject개념 도식-
dc.subject원격 조작-
dc.subject촉각적 인터액션-
dc.subject상호작용 저작-
dc.subject맞춤화-
dc.subject문헌 조사-
dc.subject주제 분석-
dc.subject사용자 평가-
dc.subject.ddc621.39-
dc.titleDesigning Physical-Object-Oriented Interactions in Augmented Reality-
dc.title.alternative물리적인 물체에 기반한 증강 현실 인터액션 설계-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorHan Joo Chae-
dc.contributor.department공과대학 컴퓨터공학부-
dc.description.degreeDoctor-
dc.date.awarded2020-08-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000163034-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000043▲000000000048▲000000163034▲-
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