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A Case Study of South Korea's reversal of Brain Drain: Lesson and Suggestions for Ghana
With focus on Korean Development Institute (KDI) and the Korean Institute for Science and Technology (KIST)

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisor김태균-
dc.contributor.authorEyram Ivy Sedzro-
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-13T03:06:33Z-
dc.date.available2020-10-13T03:06:33Z-
dc.date.issued2020-
dc.identifier.other000000161498-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/169539-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000161498ko_KR
dc.description학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공), 2020. 8. 김태균.-
dc.description.abstract이 연구는 한국개발연구원(KDI)과 한국과학기술연구원(KIST)의 설립을 통해 역 인력 유출에 대한 한국의 정책을 평가한다. 이에 사용된 정책과 전략은 가나 항공의 고도의 인적 기술 자본에 대한 교훈이 되었다. 1차 데이터와 2차 데이터를 모두 검토, 분석 및 논의하는 이론적이고 실증적인 분석틀이 가정되었다. 박정희 정부의 경제 개발 5개년의 2단계에서 국가 경제개발을 지속하고자 해외에 주재한 고도의 숙련된 한국인들을 유입하기 위해 본격적으로 이주 정책을 펼쳤다. 1960년에서 1980년까지 연구개발기관으로 설립된 KDI와 KIST는 숙련된 한국 전문가들의 국내 유입을 촉진하는 기관으로 작용했다. 따라서 이 연구는 그 시행 과정에서 한국 정부가 채택한 주요 전략과 정책을 살펴보고 그것이 과연 성공적이었는지를 조사하고자 했다. 한국이 한때 개발도상국이었다는 점을 고려하여, 개발도상국인 가나는 이 연구에서 교훈을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 가나는 지속적으로 최고의 학자들을 잃었고, 또한 그 외 전문직 종사자들의 인력 유출을 통해 세계 경쟁에서 밀려났다. 지속되는 인력 유출로, 이 문제는 국가 발전에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러므로 이 연구의 핵심은 한국과학기술원과 한국개발연구원이 인력을 유지하고자 한 제도를 분석하는 데 있다.-
dc.description.abstractThe study assesses policies adopted by South Korea in the reversal of brain drain through the establishment of the Korea Development Institute (KDI) and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST). The policies and strategies used further came as lessons and recommendations to Ghana s flight of highly skilled human capital. A theoretical and empirical framework was assumed to review, analyze and discuss both primary and secondary data
The government of ex-president Park Chung-Hee during the second phase of his five-year economic plan implemented migration policies in a bid to attract highly skilled and talented Korean nationals abroad to sustain the economic growth of the country. The establishment of KDI and KIST as research and development institutes further acted as facilitating agencies in the repatriation of skilled Korean professionals within 1960-1980. This study, therefore, sought to examine the key strategies and policies employed by the Korean government in the formulation and implementation process.
Considering South Korea was once a developing country, Ghana can draw significant lessons from this study. Evidently, Ghana has lost its best academics, and other sought after professionals, through brain drain, into other countries making it impossible to compete globally; the impact of this problem has become very detrimental to national development.
In achieving this objective, the central question of this study was to, therefore, analyze the Korea Research Institute of Science and Technology and Korea Development Institution as facilitating institutions in retaining the benefits of brain gain.
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dc.description.tableofcontents1 CHAPTER ONE: STUDY BACKGROUND 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Background of research 3
1.3 Purpose of research 8
1.4 Scope of study 8
1.5 Significance of the study 9
1.6 Problem statement 10
1.7 Research outline 12
1.8 Definition of Terms 13
2 CHAPTER two: LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 Brain Drain -Historical Perspective 15
2.3 Push and Pull Factors of Brain Drain 18
2.4 The Nexus between Brain Drain, Gain and Growing Economies 19
2.5 The Impact of Brain Drain on Ghana's Economic Growth 22
2.6 Initiatives by the Government of Ghana to Combat the Brain Drain 23
2.7 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 26
2.7.1 Classical Theories - (Adam Smith on the concept of Labour) ` 26
2.7.2 Neoclassical theory (Endogenous Growth Theory) 27
2.7.3 Solow - Swan growth model 29
2.7.4 Behavioural theories 30
2.7.5 Nationalist theory on migration 31
2.7.6 Network Theory 32
3 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 34
3.1 Introduction 34
3.2 Qualitative Research Approach 34
3.3 Historical Qualitative Method 36
3.4 Historical Institutionalism 36
3.5 Analytical Framework 37
3.6 Definition of Constructs 38
3.6.1 Migration Policy 38
3.6.2 Institutional Adaptability 38
3.6.3 Resources for Human Capital Development (Aid) 39
3.6.4 Effective Utilisation of skilled returnees - Performance of Institutions 39
3.6.5 Institutional sustainability for Human Capital 40
3.7 Research Questions 40
3.8 Research Hypothesis 41
3.9 Methodology and Data Collection 42
3.9.1 Case study approach 42
3.9.2 Primary and Secondary sources of data 42
3.10 Sampling Approach 44
3.11 Data and Methodological Triangulation 45
4 CHAPTER FOUR: CASE STUDY 47
4.1 Introduction 47
4.2 Overview of migration of highly skilled labour 47
4.3 Overview of South Korea's reversal of Brain Drain. 48
4.4 Evolution of South Korea's economic success (from brain drain to gain perspective) 49
4.4.1 Phase 1- Japanese Colonization and after 49
4.4.2 Phase 2 (1948- 1960)- Economic development of South Korea under Syngman Rhee's administration through Aid, Migration (Brain Drain) and the Korean War. 50
4.4.3 Phase 3 - Economic development of South the Park Chung-Hee's administration through Aid and Migration (Brain gain) 57
4.5 The Korea Institution of Science and Technology 61
4.5.1 The role of American aid in the establishment of KIST and beyond 62
4.5.2 KIST as a facilitating institution for repatriation of highly skilled labour 66
4.5.3 Effective Utilisation of repatriated labour 69
4.5.4 Performance and success of KIST 71
4.5.5 Sustainability 72
4.6 The Korea Development Institute 72
4.6.1 Role of American Aid in the establishment of KDI 73
4.6.2 KDI as an instrument for brain gain 74
4.6.3 Sustainability 76
5 CHAPTER FIVE: FINDINGS, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 78
5.1 Introduction 78
5.2 Analysis of In-Depth Interviews 78
5.3 Interviewee characteristics 79
5.4 Analysing perspectives on responses from interviewees 79
5.4.1 KDI and KIST as migration policies on reversal of the brain drain 80
5.4.2 Utilization and performance of returned skilled labour 81
5.4.3 Integration, adaptability and sustainability of repatriated labour 82
5.4.4 Role of development assistance in the establishment of repatriation institutions 83
5.5 Discussion of interview findings and Source documents 84
5.5.1 Migration Policy Migration policies on reversal of brain drain 84
5.5.2 Effective Utilisation and performance of skilled returnees 86
5.5.3 Institutional Adaptability and integration 86
5.5.4 Institutional sustainability for Human Capital 87
5.5.5 Resources for Human Capital Development - Aid 87
5.6 Answers to the Research Questions 88
5.7 Research Hypothesis 93
6 CHAPTER SIX: LESSONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION 97
6.1 Lessons 97
6.2 Recommendations 99
6.3 Policy Implications 101
6.4 Limitations of the Study 103
6.5 Conclusion 104
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dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectBrain Drain and Gain-
dc.subjectMigration policies-
dc.subjectHuman Capital Development-
dc.subjectKorea Development Institute-
dc.subjectKorea Institute of Science and Technology-
dc.subjectSouth Korea-
dc.subjectGhana-
dc.subject.ddc307-
dc.titleA Case Study of South Korea's reversal of Brain Drain: Lesson and Suggestions for Ghana-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor아이비 에이람-
dc.contributor.department국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공)-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.date.awarded2020-08-
dc.title.subtitleWith focus on Korean Development Institute (KDI) and the Korean Institute for Science and Technology (KIST)-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000161498-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000043▲000000000048▲000000161498▲-
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