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Effects of TRPM7 Suppression on Invasion and Proliferation of TNBC Cells : TRPM7 기능 억제가 삼중음성유방암 세포의 증식 및 전이에 미치는 영향 규명

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisor오기봉-
dc.contributor.author송치만-
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-13T03:10:34Z-
dc.date.available2020-10-13T03:10:34Z-
dc.date.issued2020-
dc.identifier.other000000161249-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/169640-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000161249ko_KR
dc.description학위논문 (박사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부, 2020. 8. 오기봉.-
dc.description.abstractTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the worst breast cancer subtype because it has the highest metastatic potential and rate of recurrence. However, there are no effective therapies for TNBC, which lacks receptors such as estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7), composed of an ion channel and a kinase domain, regulates TNBC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in its kinase domain-dependent manner. At present, little is known about the effects of TRPM7 kinase inhibitor on TNBC due to lack of potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitors. In part II of this study, I report a novel TRPM7 kinase inhibitor (TG100-115), that suppresses migration of TNBC cells. TG100-115 inhibits TRPM7 kinase activity in an ATP competitive fashion with over 70-fold stronger activity than that of rottlerin, known as a TRPM7 kinase inhibitor. Moreover, TG100-115 inhibits phosphorylation of the myosin IIA heavy chain and focal adhesion kinase, which is one of the metastasis markers. TG100-115 can be used as a potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitor and a potent inhibitor of TNBC cell migration. In contrast to its involvement in TNBC cell invasion, TRPM7 has not been found to be associated with TNBC proliferation. However, part III demonstrates that suppression of TRPM7 via TRPM7 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition (NS8593 as a TRPM7 channel inhibitor and TG100-115 as a TRPM7 kinase inhibitor) synergistically increases Tumor-necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced antiproliferative effects and apoptosis in TNBC cells. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that the synergistic interaction might be associated with TRPM7 channel activities. It was also found that downregulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein through inhibition of Ca2+ influx might be involved in the synergistic interaction. This study provides both a new role of TRPM7 in TNBC cell apoptosis and a potential combinatorial therapeutic strategy using TRPM7 inhibitors with TRAIL in treatment of TNBC.-
dc.description.abstract삼중음성유방암 (Triple negative breast cancer, TNBC)은 다른 subtype의 유방암에 비해 전이 및 재발률이 높기 때문에 가장 예후가 나쁜 유방암 subtype으로 여겨진다. 다른 유방암과는 달리, TNBC는 에스트로겐 수용체 (estrogen receptor), 프로게스테론 수용체 (progesterone receptor), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) 등의 수용체를 보유하지 않기 때문에 아직까지 효과적인 표적치료제가 없다. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7)은 ion channel domain과 kinase domain을 동시에 갖는 독특한 단백질로서, kinase domain의 기능을 통해 TNBC 세포 전이를 조절한다는 것이 알려져 있다. 현재까지 TRPM7 kinase domain의 저해제로서 NH125, rottlerin이 보고되어 있지만, 낮은 저해활성을 갖는다는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 172종의 kinase 저해제 라이브러리에 대한 스크리닝을 통해 신규 TRPM7 kinase 저해제인 TG100-115 (IC50 = 1.07 μM)를 발굴하였다. Docking study와 ATP 농도 의존적 kinase 저해능을 통해, TG100-115가 TRPM7 kinase domain에 ATP 경쟁적으로 작용함을 밝혔다. Migration assay, invasion assay를 통해, TG100-115가 농도의존적으로 TNBC 세포인 MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468의 전이를 억제함을 관찰하였다. Western blot을 통해 TG100-115가 myosin IIA heavy chain과 focal adhesion kinase 인산화를 농도의존적으로 저해함을 확인하였다. TRPM7 과발현 T-REx-293 세포주와 MDA-MB-231 세포주에 대한 patch clamp 실험을 통해, TG100-115가 가역적으로 TRPM7 channel domain의 기능을 고농도 (53.60%inhibition at 100μM)에서 농도의존적으로 저해함을 관찰하였다. 결과적으로, 기존보다 약 70배 이상 높은 저해활성을 갖는 신규 TRPM7 kinase 저해제인 TG100-115를 발굴하였고, TRPM7 kinase domain의 약리학적 저해를 통한 TNBC 세포 전이 억제 가능성을 확인하였다. TRPM7이 TNBC 세포 전이에 관여한다는 기존 연구들과는 달리, TRPM7은 TNBC 세포 성장에는 특별한 영향을 미치지 않는다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 RNA silencing을 통한 TRPM7의 저해를 통해, TNBC 세포에 대한 Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) 유도 세포 사멸이 강화되는 것을 관찰하였다. NS8593 (TRPM7 channel domain 저해제)과 TG100-115 (TRPM7 kinase domain 저해제)를 활용하여 TRAIL 유도 세포 사멸을 확인한 결과, TRPM7 kinase domain보다는 TRPM7 channel의 기능이 해당 현상에 관여함을 밝혔다. BAPTA-AM (Ca2+ chelator)의 처리를 통해, TRAIL 유도 세포 사멸에 대한 TRPM7 저해의 시너지 효과에 Ca2+이 연관됨을 확인하였다. Ca2+은 cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP)의 발현수준을 조절함으로써 apoptosis에 관여한다고 보고되어 있는데, 본 연구에서는 Western blot을 통해 TRPM7의 약리학적/분자생물학적 기능 저해가 c-FLIP의 발현수준을 감소시키고, apoptosis의 대표적 marker인 caspase 8과 caspase 3을 활성화시킴을 확인하였다. 요약하면, TRPM7 channel의 약리학적 저해를 통해 TNBC 세포에 대한 TRAIL 유도 세포 사멸 효과를 강화시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결과적으로, 본 연구는 TRPM7의 kinase domain과 channel domain의 약리학적 저해를 통해, TNBC 세포의 전이능 억제 및 TRAIL 유도 세포 사멸 강화 가능성을 확인하였고, 해당 현상에 대한 작용기전을 규명하였다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsPart I. Literature Review 1
Absence of potent therapeutic strategies for TNBC 2
Advances and limitations in targeted therapies for TNBC 5
TRPM7 as a potent therapeutic target for TNBC 9

Part II. Identification of TG100-115 as a New and Potent TRPM7 Kinase Inhibitor Suppressing TNBC Cell Migration and Invasion 15
Abstract 16
Introduction 17
Materials and Methods 20
Antibodies and reagents 20
Cell culture 20
In vitro kinase assay using CREB peptide 20
In vitro kinase assay using recombinant full-length CREB 22
Molecular docking analysis 22
Wound healing assay 23
Invasion assay 23
Cell proliferation assay 24
Western blot analysis 24
In vitro kinase assay against FAK 25
Electrophysiology 25
Statistical analysis 27
Results 28
In vitro TRPM7 kinase assays were established via the TR-FRET technique with CREB peptides 28
Known kinase inhibitors suppress TRPM7 kinase activities. 31
TG100-115 inhibits phosphorylation of recombinant full-length CREB by TRPM7 kinase domain. 42
Molecular docking study and inhibition of TG100-115 on TRPM7 kinase activity in an ATP competitive fashion. 45
TG100-115 suppresses migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. 48
TG100-115 has low cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells. 51
TG100-115 suppresses migration and invasion of MDA-MB-468 cells. 56
PI3k inhibitory activity of TG100-115 partially contributes to the reduction of cell motility. 59
Reduction of cell motility by TG100-115 is associated with calcium ion. 62
Reduction of cell motility by TG100-115 is associated with inhibition of TRPM7. 65
TG100-115 inhibits phosphorylation of myosin IIA heavy chain and FAK. 68
TG100-115 suppresses the channel activity of TRPM7. 71
Discussion 74

Part III. Enhancement of TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis by Suppression of TRPM7 in TNBC Cells. 77
Abstract 78
Introduction 79
Materials and Methods 81
Antibodies and reagents 81
Cell culture 81
RNA interference analysis 82
RT-PCR analysis 82
Cell proliferation assay 83
Western blot analysis 83
Apoptosis assay 84
Synergy analysis 84
Cell morphology analysis 84
Cell cycle assay 84
Colony formation assay 85
Intracellular Ca2+ assay 85
Statistical analysis 85
Results 86
Silencing of TRPM7 increases TRAIL-induced antiproliferative effects in TNBC cells. 86
Silencing of TRPM7 promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in TNBC cells. 94
NS8593 synergistically facilitates TRAIL-induced antiproliferative effects in TNBC cells. 99
NS8593 affects cell cycle distribution in MDA-MB-231 cells. 115
NS8593 inhibits colony formation in MDA-MB-231 cells. 118
Enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by suppression of TRPM7 is associated with calcium ion. 121
Suppression of TRPM7 decreases protein level of c-FLIP and enhances caspase-8 activation. 128
Discussion 140
References 145
Abstract in Korean 157
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dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjecttriple-negative breast cancer-
dc.subjectTG100-115-
dc.subjectc-FLIP-
dc.subjectTRAIL-
dc.subjectcell migration-
dc.subjectapoptosis-
dc.subjectTRPM7-
dc.subject삼중음성유방암-
dc.subject암전이-
dc.subject아폽토시스-
dc.subject.ddc630-
dc.titleEffects of TRPM7 Suppression on Invasion and Proliferation of TNBC Cells-
dc.title.alternativeTRPM7 기능 억제가 삼중음성유방암 세포의 증식 및 전이에 미치는 영향 규명-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.department농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부-
dc.description.degreeDoctor-
dc.date.awarded2020-08-
dc.contributor.major응용생명화학 전공-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000161249-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000043▲000000000048▲000000161249▲-
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