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Mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma-impregnated polycaprolactone-β tricalcium phosphate bio-scaffold enhanced bone regeneration around dental implants

Cited 3 time in Web of Science Cited 0 time in Scopus
Authors

Almansoori, Akram A; Kwon, Oh-Jun; Nam, Jeong-Hun; Seo, Young-Kwon; Song, Hae-Ryong; Lee, Jong-Ho

Issue Date
2021-05-05
Publisher
Springer Open
Citation
International Journal of Implant Dentistry. 2021 May 05;7(1):35
Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cellsPlatelet-rich plasmaPolycaprolactoneβ-Tricalcium phosphateGuided bone regenerationDental implants
Abstract
Background
Finding a material that supports bone regeneration is the concern for many investigators. We supposed that a composite scaffold of poly(ε) caprolactone and β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) would entail desirable characteristics of biocompatibility, bioresorbability, rigidity, and osteoconductivity for a proper guided bone regeneration. Furthermore, the incorporation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) would boost the bone regeneration. We conducted this study to evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of PCL-TCP scaffold that is loaded with MSCs and PRP.

Materials and methods
Five miniature pigs received 6 implants in 6 created-mandibular bony defects in the right and left lower premolar areas. The bony defects were managed according to the following three groups: the PCL-TCP scaffold loaded with MSCs and PRP (MSCs+PRP+PCL-TCP) group (n = 10), PCL-TCP scaffold loaded with PRP (PRP+PCL-TCP) group (n = 10), and PCL-TCP scaffold group (n = 10). After 12 weeks, the bone regeneration was assessed using fluorochrome bone labeling, μCT bone morphogenic analysis, and histomorphometric analysis.

Results
All of the three groups supported the bone regeneration around the dental implants. However, the PCL-TCP scaffold loaded with MSCs and PRP (MSCs+PRP+PCL-TCP) group showed non-significant higher bone surface, bone specific surface, and bone surface density than the other two groups as revealed by the μCT bone morphogenic analysis. Histologically, the same group revealed higher bone-implant contact ratio (BIC) (p = 0.017) and new bone height formation (NBH, mm) (p = 0.0097) with statistically significant difference compared to the PCL-TCP scaffold group.

Conclusions
PCL-TCP scaffold is compatible for bone regeneration in bone defects surrounding dental implants. Moreover, the incorporation of MSCs and PRP optimized the bone regeneration process with respect to the rate of scaffold replacement, the height of the regenerated bone, and implant stability.
ISSN
2198-4034
Language
English
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/174753
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-021-00317-y
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