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Phase Transition in Vegetative Development by DNA Demethylation in Physcomitrella patens : 이끼에서의 DNA 탈메틸화에 의한 영양 생장 중 발달상 전환의 조절

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dc.contributor.advisor허진회-
dc.contributor.author정현민-
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-30T06:27:42Z-
dc.date.available2022-03-28T21:00:44Z-
dc.date.issued2021-02-
dc.identifier.other000000166043-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/176512-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000166043ko_KR
dc.description학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 농업생명과학대학 협동과정농생명유전체학전공, 2021. 2. 허진회.-
dc.description.abstractDNA 메틸화 현상은 식물과 동물을 포함한 다양한 진핵 생물에서 유전자의 발현을 후성유전학적으로 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 애기장대의 DEMETER (DME)와 상동 단백질들은 5-메틸시토신을 직접적으로 인지 및 제거할 수 있는 단백질이며, 식물에만 특이적으로 존재한다고 알려져 있다. DME 유전자가 식물의 진화 과정 중 나타난 시점과 변화 과정을 알아보기 위하여 최초로 분화된 육상식물 중 하나인 이끼를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 풍경이끼 과의 Physcomitrella patens 에서 3개의 상동 유전자를 발견하였고, 애기장대의 단백질과 비교해보았을 때 주요한 아미노산 서열들이 보존되어 있을 것으로 기대되었다. PpDME2 유전자 제거 돌연변이체는 영양 생장 중 발달상의 전이가 지연되나, 영양 조직의 발달에는 문제가 없음을 확인하였다. 더 나아가, 옥신 및 사이토키닌 처리 시 돌연변이체는 야생형과 다르게 다능성을 가지는 side branch initial cell이 형성되지 않음을 발견하였다. 이를 토대로 식물 특이적인 DNA 탈메틸화 효소의 기능이 육상 식물에 보존되어 있으며, 이끼에서 호르몬 관련 유전자를 통해 발달을 조절한다고 추측할 수 있다.-
dc.description.abstractDNA methylation plays a pivotal role in diverse developmental processes in higher eukaryotes. 5-methylcytosine (5mC) generated by DNA methyltransferases is a stable epigenetic mark that enables cells to inherit information through generations. In contrast to conserved DNA methylation machineries across the kingdom, plants possess a lineage-specific DNA glycosylases, known as DEMETER (DME) family in Arabidopsis thaliana, to catalyze active DNA demethylation. Precise DNA demethylation by DME is critical to reproductive development not only in A. thaliana, but also several angiosperms. However, origin of the DME family in the lineage is still largely unknown. In this study, three DNA glycosylase genes were identified in a moss, Physcomitrella patens. The genes, named PpDME1-3, share structural features with members of DME family proteins that they have a glycosylase domain and two additional domains flanking the glycosylase domain. Knock-out (KO) mutant lines of PpDME2 were generated via homologous recombination and showed developmental defects in phase transition during vegetative growth. ΔPpDME2 mutants developed fewer mature gametophytes in larger colonies than wild type (WT) despite no abnormality was observed in vegetative organs. Notably, young and filamentous gametophyte tissues, protonemata, produced less pluripotent side branch initials which will develop into foliate gametophytes. The mutants failed to produce side branch cells under proper auxin and cytokinin treatment. These observations suggest that DNA demethylation by PpDME2 is important for the regulation of phase transition during vegetative growth via hormone-related genes in P. patens.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT ···························································· i
CONTENTS ··························································· iii
LIST OF TABLES ····················································· v
LIST OF FIGURES ··················································· vi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ······································· vii

INTRODUCTION ···················································· 1

LITERATURE REVIEWS ········································· 6
1. DNA methylation in eukaryotes
2. Plant-specific DNA glycosylase
3. Evolution of body plan in plants

MATERIAL AND METHODS ···································17
Plant materials and growth conditions
Identification of DME homolog in P. patens and homology analysis
Construction of plasmids for KO mutation
Generation of P. patens KO mutant lines
Screening of ΔPpDME2 plants
Microscopy

RESULTS ·····························································23
Three DME homologs exist in P. patens genome
The catalytic activity is conserved in the moss DME proteins.
Loss-of-function mutation of PpDME2 causes aberrant developmental transition in protonema

DISCUSSION·························································34

REFERENCES ······················································38

ABSTRACT IN KOREAN ········································48
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dc.format.extentviii, 51-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectDNA 메틸화-
dc.subject식물 발달-
dc.subject이끼-
dc.subject식물 특이적 DNA 탈메틸화 효소-
dc.subjectDNA methylation-
dc.subjectdevelopmental transition-
dc.subjectPhyscomitrella patens-
dc.subjectplant-specific DNA demethylase-
dc.subject.ddc576.5-
dc.titlePhase Transition in Vegetative Development by DNA Demethylation in Physcomitrella patens-
dc.title.alternative이끼에서의 DNA 탈메틸화에 의한 영양 생장 중 발달상 전환의 조절-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorHyeonmin Jeong-
dc.contributor.department농업생명과학대학 협동과정농생명유전체학전공-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.date.awarded2021-02-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000166043-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000044▲000000000050▲000000166043▲-
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