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God and Man in the Political Philosophy of Hobbes, Kant, Nietzsche : 홉스, 칸트, 니체의 정치철학에서 그려진 신과 인간 개념에 관한 연구: 근대 개인성을 구성하는 신학적 논의
the theological background behind the modern self

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisor박성우-
dc.contributor.author김지훈-
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-05T06:43:30Z-
dc.date.available2022-04-05T06:43:30Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.other000000168589-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/177788-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000168589ko_KR
dc.description학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 사회과학대학 정치외교학부(외교학전공), 2021.8. 김지훈.-
dc.description.abstract본 논문은 근대 정치사상에서 개인과 국가를 어떻게 그려내는지 그 철학적 전제를 탐구하고자 하는 목적을 내세우고 있다. 구체적으로, 인간은 모두 평등하며, 합리적 사고를 통해 자신의 진정한 삶을 개척해 나가는 존재이며, 국가는 이러한 개인들로 구성된다는 근대 세속적 관념이 어떻게 형성되었는지 규명하는 것을 주요 목적으로 삼는다. 이러한 탐구는 근대 정치철학자인 홉스, 칸트, 니체가 제시한 주장을 검토하면서 이뤄진다. 특히 주목하는 바는 세속적인 정치 질서 형성을 저서의 목적으로 내세우고 있는 세 정치철학자가 종교적 논의를 상당 부분 참고하고 활용하고 있다는 점에 있다. 홉스는 리바이어던 3부와 4부에서 성서해석 문제를 다루고 있으며, 절대적 주권자가 시민의 내적 신념까지 지도할 수 있어야 안정적인 정치 질서를 이룰 수 있다고 주장한다. 칸트는 마지막 출판 저서로 종교에 관한 저작을 남겼으며, 신과 인간이 누리는 창발성을 비교하며 인간이 누리는 자유와 이성의 한계를 명확히 제시했다. 니체는 허무주의와 르상띠망을 문제시했던 사상가로 알려져 있지만, 실제로 그가 중점적으로 다뤘던 문제는 계몽주의와 기독교에서 내세우는 단일한 역사관, 세계관이었다. 이러한 검토를 통해 본 연구는 흔히 종교가 이성과 대척점에 자리하며, 따라서 합리적 진보 개념에 기반을 두는 정치 영역에서 배제되어야 한다는 통념에 새로운 시각을 전한다. 그리고 이렇게 근대 정치 사상가들이 남긴 유산을 재검토하면서 본 연구는 현대 정치사상에서 개인을 어떻게 규정할지를 두고 벌어지는 논의에 좀 더 풍부한 이론적 자원을 제공할 것이다.-
dc.description.abstractThis dissertation investigates the philosophical origins of conceiving both individual and state in early modern political thought. The chief aim of the study is to reconstruct and trace the reception and use of (secular) ideas of the modern self, such as equality, rationality, and authenticity, in crafting the notion that these ideas were ideologically formed on the theological background. In particular, this project examines a tradition of political philosophers – Thomas Hobbes, Immanuel Kant, Frederick Nietzsche - who sought to understand and further replace the place of traditional authority in politics, and who had specific interests in treating religious one in their efforts. If those philosophers have long been celebrated for making reasoned argument the foundation of philosophy, this dissertation recovers a neglected anthropological as well as theological assumption in their arguments. Religion is often construed as the opposite of reason, and is thought to be alternately irrelevant to, or undesirable in, a politics committed to ideals of rational progress. This project challenges this prevailing bias: for Hobbes, he found no other means to impute natural laws to the citizens; for Kant, the exalted place reason enjoys cannot be firmly established; for Nietzsche, the end of history cannot be revolted. It then shows how some of the most pivotal figures in the history of political thought have perennially raised the question of whether there might be a more nuanced role for traditions to play in political theory. Furthermore, a revised understanding of their legacy on these terms opens up a broader theoretical discourse concerning the place of individual in contemporary political thought.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsCh.1 Introduction 1
1.1 Examining the Post-secular Return of Religion: reevaluation of "secularization theory" 8
1.2 Recasting the Old Questions: Theological Reliance and Renunciation in the Political Thought of Modern Philosophers 12
1.3 Plan of dissertation 15
Ch.2 Thomas Hobbes's Use of Religious Doctrine 18
2.1 Why Part 3,4 of Leviathan 22
2.1.1 Changes over Hobbes's political works 22
2.1.2 Why Part 3,4 of Leviathan: the importance of the last half of the text 29
2.1.3 Scripture as a hermeneutical guide 34
2.1.4 Erecting Supreme Governors on the earth of Christian commonwealth 38
2.2 Hobbes's Use of Religious Doctrine: Undermining Obligations to God 46
2.2.1 Mimicking the Imagery of Creation: the Use and Abuse of the Theological-Political idea of Covenant 46
2.2.2 Political Philosophy of Hobbes: an insufficient blueprint to build Leviathan 54
2.3 Conclusion 60
Ch.3 Immanuel Kant's Doctrine of Religion as Political Philosophy 67
3.1 Introduction: From Critique to Doctrine 72
3.2 Interpretations of Kant's Political Thought in Relation to his Metaphysical Underpinnings 77
3.2.1 Kant's early writings: foundation for metaphysics 77
3.2.2 Kant's later writings: political thought to situate the fallen men in the ordered world 80
3.3 Room for faith: Epistemology, Morality and the Religion 89
3.3.1 Metaphysical difficulty: the possibility of human spontaneity in relation to the will of God 89
3.3.2 Moral/Political difficulty: the prevalent evils in relation to human spontaneity 96
3.3.3 Theological difficulty: the possible way to understand God 104
3.4 Conclusion: The relation of Reason to Miracle and Mystery 107
Ch.4 Nietzsche's Critique of Christianity as an embracing of chance 116
4.1 Introduction: Thoughts on/of Untimely Meditations 116
4.2 Putting Nietzsche in Context: literature review 122
4.3 Two Ethics, Two Pathos: Nihilism and Ressentiment 126
4.3.1 Nihilism: the aftereffect of Enlightenment tradition 126
4.3.2 Ressentiment: the effect of Christianity 130
4.4 Nietzsche's Dionysian Philosophy: Nietzsche's thoughts on great individuals 133
4.4.1 The initial period 135
4.4.2 The middle period 136
4.4.3 The final period 138
4.5 Nietzsche's Anthro-culturalism: The Revaluation of All Values 140
4.5.1 Nietzsche's Realistic Vision for the Great Politics of Cultural Renewal: Thoughts on Socio-Political arrangements 140
4.5.2 Nietzsche's "Aristocratic Agonism": Thoughts on the Disciples of Dionysus as Agents of Revitalization 145
4.5.2.1 Recent efforts to Democratize Nietzsche: Previous literature 145
4.5.2.2 The Myth of the 'Eternal Recurrence' out of the Reality of Becoming 148
4.5.2.3 'Philosophy of Life' of Zarathustra: Nietzsche's positive innovations 153
4.6 Conclusion 160
Ch.5 Conclusion: The Dialectic of the Modern principles and Contemporary discourses 163
5.1 Legacy of Hobbes, Kant, and Nietzsche 163
5.2 Concluding Remarks 173
Bibliography 180
Abstract in Korean 205
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dc.format.extentxi, 205-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectModern self-
dc.subjectGod-
dc.subjectTheological-Political-
dc.subjectThomas Hobbes-
dc.subjectImmanuel Kant-
dc.subjectFrederick Nietzsche-
dc.subject근대 개인-
dc.subject-
dc.subject정치-신학적 논의-
dc.subject토마스 홉스-
dc.subject임마누엘 칸 트-
dc.subject프리드리히 니체-
dc.subject.ddc327-
dc.titleGod and Man in the Political Philosophy of Hobbes, Kant, Nietzsche-
dc.title.alternative홉스, 칸트, 니체의 정치철학에서 그려진 신과 인간 개념에 관한 연구: 근대 개인성을 구성하는 신학적 논의-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorJihoon Kim-
dc.contributor.department사회과학대학 정치외교학부(외교학전공)-
dc.description.degree박사-
dc.date.awarded2021-08-
dc.title.subtitlethe theological background behind the modern self-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000168589-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000046▲000000000053▲000000168589▲-
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