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A p-n fusion strategy to design bipolar organic materials for high-energy-density symmetric batteries

Cited 34 time in Web of Science Cited 35 time in Scopus
Authors

Kim, Ji Hyeon; Kim, Hee Chan; Lee, Se Chan; Kwon, Gi Yun; Kang, Tae Won; Park, Hyeok Jun; Tamwattana, Orapa; Ko, Young Min; Lee, Dong Whan; Kang, Ki Suk

Issue Date
2021-07
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Citation
Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol.9 No.25, pp.14485-14494
Abstract
Development of a symmetric battery, which employs the same material as both anode and cathode, would significantly simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the production cost, and thus is regarded as a promising alternative approach. Nevertheless, (i) the difficulty in finding suitable bipolar-type active materials and (ii) the low voltage (typically lower than 2 V) from the reported bipolar materials have been the hurdles in its practical realization. Herein, we report a new molecular-level strategy of fusing appropriate p-type and n-type redox materials to develop bipolar-type materials. The inherent potential of each redox reaction in the fused structure is effectively shifted/separated due to the strong mutual electronic perturbation between two motifs, leading to higher voltages achievable in symmetric batteries. We showcase that newly designed PNZTA, a fusion of the phenazine and thianthrene redox centers, successfully manifests the bipolar redox activity and delivers a high discharge voltage of 2.33 V in a symmetric cell, one of the highest values reported thus far. This simple approach of fusion provides a new perspective in the design of high energy density bipolar redox materials and can be applied to a variety of combinations among p-type and n-type organic molecules in exploring high-energy-density symmetric battery chemistry.
ISSN
2050-7488
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/178486
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ta02059e
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