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Preservation and Rehabilitation of Historical Unreinforced Masonry Structures : 무보강 조적식 역사 구조물의 보존과 복구

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dc.contributor.advisor강현구-
dc.contributor.author파히메-
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-20T07:47:23Z-
dc.date.available2022-04-20T07:47:23Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.other000000167178-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/178885-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000167178ko_KR
dc.description학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 건축학과, 2021.8. 강현구.-
dc.description.abstract역사적 구조물은 인류의 문화적, 건축적, 역사적 가치를 지니며, 동시에 이러한 가치를 미래 세대에게 전달하는 데 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나, 많은 문화 유산들은 오랜 세월 지진이나 기타 자연재해로 심각한 피해를 입어왔다. 구조적인 측면에서 볼 때, 높은 질량, 낮은 인장강도, 낮은 전단강도 및 낮은 연성 등이 불리하게 작용하였으며, 조적조 구조물의 경우 재료의 특성, 형상, 구성, 요소 배치, 연결부, 기초의 강도 등 여러 변수가 해당 구조물의 내진거동에 영향을 끼쳤다. 이는 구조물의 부분 및 전체 붕괴로 이어질 수 있기에 역사적인 조적조 구조물의 보존과 보강은 계속적으로 연구가 필요한 주제이다. 본 논문에서는, 가장 중요한 구조적 요소인 비보강 조적조 벽체의 건축적, 구조적 특성을 분석하였고, 지진하중에 의해 야기되는 전형적인 손상에 대해 서술하였다. 그 후, 분석적 연구에 적합한 방법을 선택하기 위해 몇 가지 보강 방법에 대한 장단점을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 여러 유형의 비보강 조적조 벽체 중 건식 석조 벽체에 특히 집중하여 분석이 진행되었다. 유한요소해석을 통해 단조 및 반복 가력에서의 벽체 거동이 평가되었고, 수치해석 결과를 검증하기 위해 기존 연구자들의 실험결과가 사용되었다. 또한, 요소와 벽체의 배열 및 규모에 따라 매개변수적 연구가 수행되었다. 최종적으로 모델의 수치해석 결과와 파괴 양상을 고려하여 해당 구조물에 적합한 보강 방법이 선정되었다. 이 때, 기존의 역사적 구조물의 보강에 있어 가장 효율적이고 실용적인 방법 중 하나로 평가 받고 있는 철근 삽입 공법이 심층 분석되었다. 가장 효율적인 재료와 철근 배치를 탐구하기 위해 매개변수적 연구가 추가적으로 수행되었다. 본 논문의 연구를 통하여 궁극적으로 비보강 조적조 벽체의 내진거동과 적절한 보강 방법, 그리고 이를 어떻게 향상시킬 수 있는 지에 대한 해법을 도출할 수 있었다.-
dc.description.abstractHistorical structures constitute the most significant part of the cultural, architectural, and historical values of past peoples, which play an important role in transmitting these values to future generations. Many of these cultural heritage buildings have been severely damaged by past earthquakes or other natural disasters. In terms of structural property, the main defects are related to high specific mass, low tensile strength, low to moderate shear strength, and low ductility. The seismic behavior of masonry buildings highly depends on the material properties, geometry, configuration, arrangements of units, connections, foundation strength, etc. These features may cause them to be vulnerable to a sudden movement which can be terminated by the partial or entire collapse of the structure. Therefore, preservation and protection of this type of structure is an interesting topic and of great concern for the engineering community. This dissertation deals with a detailed architectural and structural characterization of different types of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls as the most important structural element and explains their typical damage caused by seismic loads. Then, several retrofitting methods including their advantages and shortcomings were investigated to choose an appropriate method for analytical studies. Among all types of URM walls, the dry-stack stone masonry wall was selected and its behavior under monotonic and cyclic loads was evaluated using finite element method (FEM). To validate the results of numerical analysis, all FEM models were calibrated with a set of experimental investigations that have been conducted by other researchers. Then, some parametric studies were conducted for different arrangements and scales of units and walls. Regarding the results of numerical analysis and failure modes observed in the models, an appropriate retrofitting method was determined. Given the existing limitations on retrofitting historical structures, inserting rebars into the wall was considered as one of the most efficient and practical retrofit techniques. Finally, a parametric study has been done for materials and arrangements of inserted rebars with a hope to achieve the most efficient case. The results obtained by this study led to a deeper understanding of the seismic behavior of URM walls and how it can be enhanced by a proper retrofit technique.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsChapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 History and Motivation 2
1.2 Scope and Methodology 10
1.3 Organization 13
Chapter 2. Technical Investigation of HURM Structures 15
2.1 General Description 16
2.2 Architectural Characterization 17
2.2.1 Material classification 18
2.2.2 Geometry 24
2.3 Structural Characterization 26
2.3.1 Structural components 27
2.3.2 Masonry components 34
2.4 Wall Behavior 37
2.4.1 Wall behavior under compressive load 39
2.4.2 Wall behavior under tensile load 41
2.4.3 Wall behavior under shear load 43
2.5 Summary 44
Chapter 3. Typical Seismic Damage in HURM Buildings 45
3.1 Typical Damage of HURM Structures 46
3.2 Damage in Non-Structural Elements 48
3.3 Damage in Structural Elements 49
3.3.1 Connection failure 50
3.3.2 Wall failure 53
3.3.3 Diaphragm failure 61
3.3.4 Foundation failure 61
3.4 Impact of Erosion on the Performance of HURM Buildings 63
3.4.1 Wind 65
3.4.2 Temperature 66
3.4.3 Rain and humidity 66
3.4.4 Biological damage 67
3.4.5 Human intervention 68
3.5 Summary 68
Chapter 4. Technical Issues and Methods of Preservation for HURM Structures 69
4.1 Preservation Techniques for HURM 70
4.2 Improving Structural Integrity 73
4.2.1 Confinements 73
4.2.2 Transversal anchorage 78
4.2.3 Strengthening of junction 78
4.2.4 Textile reinforced mortar and steel reinforced grout 79
4.2.5 Mortar joint treatment 81
4.2.6 Strengthening of roof diaphragm 86
4.3 Reducing Seismic Demands 87
4.3.1 Base isolation 87
4.3.2 Seismic damper 89
4.4 Upgrading Structural Components 89
4.4.1 Reinforced concrete wall 90
4.4.2 Moment and braced frames 91
4.4.3 Surface treatment 92
4.4.4 External reinforcements 96
4.4.5 Post-tensioning 106
4.4.6 Mesh reinforcement 109
4.4.7 Reticulatus system 113
4.5 Technical Comparison 116
4.6 Summary 120
Chapter 5. Experimental and Numerical Methods for HURM Structures 121
5.1 General Description 122
5.2 Experimental Method 123
5.2.1 Material test 124
5.2.2 Structural test 133
5.3 Numerical Analysis Methods 137
5.3.1 Concept of macro and micro approaches 140
5.3.2 Kinematic method 146
5.3.3 Finite element method 149
5.3.4 Discrete element method 153
5.4 Analysis Types 155
5.4.1 Linear static analysis (LSA) 159
5.4.2 Linear dynamic analysis (LDA) 161
5.4.3 Nonlinear static analysis (NSA) 164
5.4.4 Nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) 167
5.5 Material and Joint Behavior 168
5.6 Summary 174
Chapter 6. Numerical Modeling of Stone Wall 175
6.1 General Descriptions 176
6.2 Experimental Research Program 178
6.3 ABAQUS Software 187
6.4 Numerical Model 191
6.5 Calibration and Validation of Numerical Models 198
6.6 Sensitivity Analysis 207
6.6.1 Penalty stiffness sensitivity analysis 207
6.6.2 Mesh size sensitivity analysis 210
6.6.3 Friction coefficient sensitivity analysis 214
6.6.4 Comparison of 2D and 3D analyses 218
6.6.5 Comparison of pushover and cyclic analysis 224
6.7 Parametric Study 232
6.8 Summary 245
Chapter 7. FEM Analysis of Stone Masonry Walls Retrofitted by Rebars 247
7.1 Proposed Retrofit Technique 248
7.2 Material Properties 251
7.3 Numerical Modeling Assumptions 254
7.4 Retrofitting Program 256
7.4.1 Horizontal rebar models 256
7.4.2 Vertical rebar models 262
7.4.3 Diagonal rebar models 282
7.5 Comparative Studies 302
7.6 Cyclic Analysis 306
7.7 Summary 318
Chapter 8. Summary and Conclusion 319
8.1 Summary 320
8.2 Conclusion 322
8.3 Future Work 328
References 329
Acknowledgment 359
Abstract in Korean 360
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dc.format.extentxxviii, 391-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectPreservation-
dc.subjecthistorical structures-
dc.subjectmasonry wall-
dc.subjectdry-stack stone wall-
dc.subjectseismic behavior-
dc.subjectdamage-
dc.subjectFEM analysis-
dc.subjectcalibration-
dc.subjectfailure mechanisms-
dc.subjectretrofitting methods-
dc.subject.ddc690-
dc.titlePreservation and Rehabilitation of Historical Unreinforced Masonry Structures-
dc.title.alternative무보강 조적식 역사 구조물의 보존과 복구-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorFahimeh Yavartanoo-
dc.contributor.department공과대학 건축학과-
dc.description.degree박사-
dc.date.awarded2021-08-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000167178-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000046▲000000000053▲000000167178▲-
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