1920년대 평양부협의회 선거와 조선인 지역유력자의 혈연-공간적 변동

Abstract

This research deals with the Pyongyang (Heijo) Municipal Assembly elections in the 1920s and the kinship-spatial changes of Korean local elites. During the 1920s, local assemblies were converted into restricted suffrage in colonial Korea. Voters were property class, settlers, and male householders. Fu(府), the administrative unit where the Japanese settlement corporations were converted after 1914, generally had a high proportion of Japanese voters, but Pyongyang was an exception. Koreans from various backgrounds participated in the elections of the Pyongyang Municipal Assembly in the 1920s. Especially in the 1926 and 1929 elections, one-third to one-half of Korean-elects were professionals (lawyers and doctors), compared to one or two people in Gyeongseong (Keijo) and Busan (Fusan). Law and medicine as modern knowledge were attempts to represent the inferiority of colonized Korean merchants and industrialists. Second, the influence of Korean local elites in the old town (Korean town) had been strengthened. Unlike Gyeongseong, traditional Korean local elites settled down in the new town (Japanese town) for generations. Furthermore, the continuity of Korean members of the Assembly from the 1910s to the 1920s was stronger than in Gyeongseong. In the 1920s, Korean local elites in the new town of Pyongyang were based on the Munjung(clan organization). The blood-related order was maintained especially through the role of Chambong (grave keeper) of the royal tombs of Gija (箕 子) and of King Dongmyeong (東明王). Meanwhile, the Korean local elites in the old town formed a central point through urban and industrial development such as the independent Korean commerce organization, the movement of electricity municipalization, and intervention with the old town development plan. This is considering that it was difficult for Korean local elites in the old town to even secure primary social networks such as blood ties and regionalism, to be never free from the blood order. Suyangdonguhoe with the Dong-A Ilbo branch, and other social organizations were also based on the opinion of local elites in the old town. However, the inclination of the regional order to the old town Koreans was put on hold owing to the revision of the Law of Municipality (府制) in 1930. Such changes in local communities were closely related to the self-narrative of nationalists made by Pyongyang local elites who fled to South Korea after Liberation.