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Application of Standardization for Causal Inference in Observational Studies: A Step-by-step Tutorial for Analysis Using R Software
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2022-03
- Publisher
- 대한예방의학회
- Citation
- 예방의학회지, Vol.55 No.2, pp.116-124
- Abstract
- © 2022 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine.Epidemiological studies typically examine the causal effect of exposure on a health outcome. Standardization is one of the most straightforward methods for estimating causal estimands. However, compared to inverse probability weighting, there is a lack of user-centric explanations for implementing standardization to estimate causal estimands. This paper explains the standardization method using basic R functions only and how it is linked to the R package stdReg, which can be used to implement the same procedure. We provide a step-by-step tutorial for estimating causal risk differences, causal risk ratios, and causal odds ratios based on standardization. We also discuss how to carry out subgroup analysis in detail.
- ISSN
- 1975-8375
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