Publications
Detailed Information
Degradation of iopromide during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction: Effect of wavelength, radical contribution, transformation products, and toxicity
Cited 9 time in
Web of Science
Cited 10 time in Scopus
- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2022-09
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Citation
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.437, p. 129371
- Abstract
- © 2022 Elsevier B.V.Three different UV-LED wavelengths (265, 310, and 365 nm) were used in the UV-LED/chlorine reaction to investigate the degradation mechanism of iopromide (IPM) at different wavelengths, a representative iodinated contrast media compound. The degradation rate (k′IPM) increased from pH 6–8 at 265 nm, but, decreased as the pH increased up to 9 at 310 nm and 365 nm. Radical scavenging experiments showed that reactive chlorine species (RCS) are the dominant radical species at all wavelengths, but a higher contribution of OH• was observed at lower pH and longer wavelengths. The contribution of RCS decreased but the contribution of OH• increased as the wavelength increased. Among RCS, the largest contribution was found to be ClO•. Total nine transformation products (TPs) were identified by LC-QTOF-MS during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction at 265 nm. Based on the identified TPs and their time profiles, we proposed a degradation pathway of IPM during UV-LED/chlorine reaction. The Microtox test using V. fischeri showed that no significant increase in toxicity was observed at all wavelengths. The synergistic effect of UV-LED and chlorine was greater at a higher wavelength by the electrical efficiency per order (EEO) calculation.
- ISSN
- 0304-3894
- Files in This Item:
- There are no files associated with this item.
Item View & Download Count
Items in S-Space are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.