Novel Chitosan Dermal Filler with Enhanced Moldability and Elasticity

Abstract

Currently, dermal fillers are largely based on commercialized cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, which require a large injection force. Additionally, HA can be easily decomposed by enzymes, and HA-treated tissues present a risk of developing granuloma. In this study, a chitosan-based dermal filler is presented that operates on a liquid-to-gel transition and allows the injection force to be kept approximate to 4.7 times lower than that required for HA injections. Evaluation of the physical properties of the chitosan filler indicates high viscoelasticity and recovery rate after gelation at 37 degrees C. Furthermore, in an in vivo evaluation, the liquid injection-type chitosan filler transitions to a gel state within 5 min after injection into the body, and exhibits a compressive strength that is approximate to 2.4 times higher than that of cross-linked HA. The filler also exhibits higher moldability and maintains a constant volume in the skin for a longer time than the commercial HA filler. Therefore, it is expected that the chitosan filler will be clinically applicable as a novel material for dermal tissue restoration and supplementation.