A Comparative Study of Quality of Working Life Between Public Sector and Private Sector Employees in Lao PDR

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare 1) the quality of working life of public and private sector workers and 2) job satisfaction of public and private sector workers. Literature survey and questionnaire survey were used as the methodology of this study. Data was collected using questionnaires via Google Forms around March 2022. The sample is 100 public sector employees and 100 private sector employees in Laos. The statistics used for data analysis used frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and hypothesis testing was performed with t-test at the statistical significance level of 0.05. The difference in the quality of working life between public and private sector workers was as follows. The quality of working life in the public sector was found to be superior to that of the private sector in terms of job security, welfare, and weekend work. The quality of working life in the private sector, such as wages, working hours, other monthly income, and weekend work allowance, was found to be superior to that in the public sector. The job satisfaction of private sector workers was found to be higher than that of public sector workers in several aspects, such as workplace policies and management system, relationship with superiors and peers, work environment, peer-friendliness, and opportunities to work independently.

본 연구의 목적은 1) 공공부문과 민간부문 근로자의 근로생활의 질 2) 공공부문과 민간부문 근로자의 직무만족도를 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구의 방법론으로 문헌조사와 설문조사를 활용하였다. 데이터는 2022년 3월경 Google 양식을 통해 설문지를 사용하여 수집되었다. 샘플은 라오스의 공공 부문 직원 100명과 민간 부문 직원 100명이다. 자료분석에 사용된 통계는 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차를 사용하였으며 가설검증은 통계적 유의수준 0.05에서 t-검정으로 수행하였다. 공공부문과 민간부문 근로자의 근로생활의 질 격차는 다음과 같았다. 공공부문 근로생활의 질은 고용안정성, 복지, 주말근무 등의 문제에서 민간부문 근로자보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 급여, 근로시간, 월 기타소득, 주말근로수당 등 민간부문 근로생활의 질은 공공부문보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 민간부문 근로자의 직무만족도는 직장의 정책 및 관리체계, 상사와 동료관계, 직장환경, 동료친화성, 독립적으로 일할 수 있는 기회 등 여러 측면에서 공공부문 근로자보다 높은 것으로 나타났다.