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Cryo-EM structures of human DICER dicing a pre-miRNA substrate

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Authors

Lee, Hansol; Roh, Soung-Hun

Issue Date
2024-01
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Citation
FEBS Journal
Abstract
Dicer, a multi-domain ribonuclease III (RNase III) protein, is crucial for gene regulation via RNA interference. It processes hairpin-like precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs) and long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). During the dicing process, the miRNA or siRNA substrate is stably anchored and cleaved by Dicer's RNase III domain. Although numerous studies have investigated long dsRNA cleavage by Dicer, the specific mechanism by which human Dicer (hDICER) processes pre-miRNA remains unelucidated. This review introduces the recently revealed hDICER structure bound to pre-miRNA uncovered through cryo-electron microscopy and compares it with previous reports describing Dicer. The domain-wise movements of the helicase and dsRNA-binding domain (dsRBD) and specific residues involved in substrate sequence recognition have been identified. During RNA substrate binding, the hDICER apical domains and dsRBD recognize the pre-miRNA termini and cleavage site, respectively. Residue rearrangements in positively charged pockets within the apical domain influence substrate recognition and cleavage site determination. The specific interactions between dsRBD positively charged residues and nucleotide bases near the cleavage site emphasize the significance of cis-acting elements in the hDICER processing mechanism. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding hDICER-related diseases.
ISSN
1742-464X
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/202891
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.17048
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  • College of Natural Sciences
  • School of Biological Sciences
Research Area Cryogenic Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM), Structural Biology, 분자생물학, 생물물리학, 생화학

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