Patient-tailored self-management intervention for older adults with hypertension in a nursing home

Abstract

Aims and objectives. This study was to evaluate the effects of a patient-tailored self-management intervention on (1) blood pressure control and (2) self-care behaviour, exercise self-efficacy and medication adherence among Korean older hypertensive patients in a nursing home. Background. Little is known about whether a patient-tailored self-management for nursing home residents with hypertension is likely to advance the care of this growing population worldwide. Design. A non-equivalent comparison group design. Methods. Forty-seven patients (23 and 24 in the intervention and comparison groups, respectively) participated in the study. No one withdrew during the eight-week study period. Hypertensive patients in the intervention group received health education and tailored individual counselling for eightweeks to enhance the self-management. Results. The mean age of patients was 77 center dot 4years. Patients were on hypertensive medications for 11 center dot 8years; only 36 of them took medications without assistance. The baseline comparisons of the patients with and without 8-week intervention did not differ for clinical and demographic variables and outcome measures. Blood pressure decreased when comparing the baseline to eightweeks later from baseline; moreover, blood pressure was significantly reduced only in patients who received the intervention. Self-care behaviour and exercise self-efficacy significantly increased over time only in those who were in the intervention group. However, no significant difference was observed in medication adherence between the two groups. Conclusions. Patient-tailored self-management intervention was a practical approach for decreasing blood pressure and increasing self-care behaviour in older hypertensive patients in a nursing home. Further studies are neededto validate thesefindings using a larger samplewith long-term follow-up. Relevance to clinical practice. A patient-tailored intervention is feasible not only to empower nursing home residents with hypertension for their care, but also to offer a qualified training and guidelines to nursing home staffs, expanding their professional competence in clinical practice.