Analysis of Infection Control Effectiveness Based on Policies in Indoor Spaces of Educational Facilities

Abstract

To address COVID-19 concerns, governments have implemented Non-Pharmacological Interventions (NPIs) and treatment-focused policies, particularly in densely populated areas like schools. These measures, including partial closures and time restrictions, raise concerns about socioeconomic impacts. This investigation aims to identify infection factors in academic settings, develop a pedestrian traffic simulation model, establish risk thresholds for disease spread, and conduct policy experiments and impact analyses. Various intervention methods were assessed, such as classroom zoning and movement restrictions, finding that spatial compartmentalization alone is ineffective. However, limiting free movement reduces contact time and infection risk. Nonetheless, intervention effectiveness varies based on student population and density, highlighting the need for further research to recommend optimal strategies based on school size and enrollment. This study aims to support schools and institutions in improving infection control policies and offer practical guidance for decision-making in this area.