중앙아시아 고려말의 자료와 연구

Abstract

The some documents compiled in the period of Russian Empire and the former Soviet Union show dialects of Koreans which had lived in the Russian Far East. The Korean dialects in them are generally Yukcin Dialect in Hamgyeong North Province. The Yukcin dialect is so very archaic that it is similar to phonemic system of the sixteenth Korean. This Yukcin dialect data is important to study Korean Language. The first bilingual dictionary of Korean, Russian-Korean dictionary compiled by Putsillo was based on Yukcin dialect spoken in the Russian Far East. G.J. Ramstedt used these Yukcin dialect materials for studying history and genetic relation of Korean. After forced deportation to Central Asia from the Russian Far East in 1937, Koryeo-mal was isolated and has been developed independently in the form of language island. Koryeo-mal which was based on Yukcin dialect was formed by effect of various dialects, and experienced levelling and gradually developed to koiné. Such a koiné type Koryeo-mal, was no more expanded and is disappearing. Koryeo-mal including Yukcin dialect has been studying by some scholars and exposed, but there are something to have to study more. Firstly, it needs to survey and research to Koryeo-mal taking into consideration of social variables, in other words, socio-linguistical tasks as like contrast studying to varieties of Yukcin dialect(Central Asia, China, North Korea), language acculturation, disappearing of Koryeo-mal etc.