근대국어 이후 反事實的 假定 표현의 發達 - '-더면', '-던들'을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study aims at inquiring into changes of counterfactual hypothesis expressions since Middle Korean. Since Middle Korean, especially in late nineteenth century, counterfactual hypothesis expressions of Korean have undergone changes that they are necessarily preceeded by past tense morpheme '-eoss'. This changes is pararell to the cross-linguistical fact that counterfactual hypothesis is expressed by past tense. On the background of this changes of counterfactual hypothesis of Korean, preending '-deo-' is established as modality from late nineteenth century to early twentieth century. The result was that '-deo-' does not retain past tense any more. So counterfactual hypothesis expressions including '-deo-' require past tense morpheme ' -eoss-' to express counterfactual hypothesis. Another changes of counterfactual hypothesis of Korean are morphological. On the anlogy of 'S-damyon', '-(eoss)deomyon' is turned into '-eossdeoramyon'. This analogy made '-eossdeomyon' pararell to other morphs in conditional '-myon'. This pararellism triggered the productivity of '-eossdeoramyon' in contrast to '-eossdeondeul'.