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G Protein betagamma subunits augment UVB-induced apoptosis by stimulating the release of soluble heparin-binding epidermal growth factor from human keratinocytes
Cited 19 time in
Web of Science
Cited 20 time in Scopus
- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2007-06-06
- Citation
- J Biol Chem. 282(34): 24720-24730
- Keywords
- Cell Line, Tumor ; Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits/chemistry/*physiology ; GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits/chemistry/*physiology ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Keratinocytes/*metabolism/pathology ; Models, Biological ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; src-Family Kinases/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Ultraviolet Rays
- Abstract
- UV radiation induces various cellular responses by regulating the activity of many UV-responsive enzymes, including MAPKs. The betagamma subunit of the heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (Gbetagamma) was found to mediate UV-induced p38 activation via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, it is not known how Gbetagamma mediates the UVB-induced activation of EGFR, and thus we undertook this study to elucidate the mechanism. Treatment of HaCaT-immortalized human keratinocytes with conditioned medium obtained from UVB-irradiated cells induced the phosphorylations of EGFR, p38, and ERK but not that of JNK. Blockade of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) by neutralizing antibody or CRM197 toxin inhibited the UVB-induced activations of EGFR, p38, and ERK in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and in HaCaT cells. Treatment with HB-EGF also activated EGFR, p38, and ERK. UVB radiation stimulated the processing of pro-HB-EGF and increased the secretion of soluble HB-EGF in medium, which was quantified by immunoblotting and protein staining. In addition, treatment with CRM179 toxin blocked UV-induced apoptosis, but HB-EGF augmented this apoptosis. Moreover, UVB-induced apoptosis was reduced by inhibiting EGFR or p38. The overexpression of Gbeta(1)gamma(2) increased EGFR-activating activity and soluble HB-EGF content in conditioned medium, but the sequestration of Gbetagamma by the carboxyl terminus of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2ct) produced the opposite effect. The activation of Src increased UVB-induced, Gbetagamma-mediated HB-EGF secretion, but the inhibition of Src blocked that. Overexpression of Gbetagamma increased UVB-induced apoptosis, and the overexpression of GRK2ct decreased this apoptosis. We conclude that Gbetagamma mediates UVB-induced human keratinocyte apoptosis by augmenting the ectodomain shedding of HB-EGF, which sequentially activates EGFR and p38.
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (Print)
- Language
- English
- URI
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17548351
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/68489
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