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Altered Mobility of benz[a]anthracene in the Presence of p-xylene and Its Impact on Risk in the Subsurface
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2008-08
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Citation
- Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 28:598-610
- Keywords
- Risk assessment ; contaminant transport ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) ; Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) ; phase transformation
- Abstract
- Concerns over soil and groundwater contamination by PAHs have been raised as they are often introduced into the subsurface as nonaqueous-phase liquid (NAPL) mixtures. However, characterizing the risk posed by a mixture of chemicals is a challenging task due to its uncertainty in
quantifying the effects of the interaction between substances. This study focuses on the effects of phase-transforming interaction on the fate, transport, and risk assessment of a PAH in a PAH - NAPL mixture. The cell test was carried out using benz[a]anthracene (BaA) and p-xylene to verify the increased mobility of highly sorbed pollutants in the presence of less sorbed, mobile liquid pollutants. The experimental results showed that BaA had greater mobility
in the presence of p-xylene than in its absence. The main transport mechanisms in the vadose zone were by dissolution
into p-xylene or water. The developed model showed that transport of BaA was significantly faster in the presence
of NAPL, but needs improvement. As well, risk assessment indicated that the oral carcinogenic risk of BaA calculated
with the concentration in groundwater was 15∼87 times larger when mixed with NAPL than when present as a single contaminant. This study demonstrated that consideration
of phase-transforming interaction is necessary to analyze the risk of a PAH - NAPL mixture. The improvement of the
transport model will be the topic of our continuing research.
- ISSN
- 1040-6638 (print)
1563-5333 (online)
- Language
- English
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