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Clinical prediction of failure of lamivudine prophylaxis for patients with hepatitis B infection undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignancy

Cited 11 time in Web of Science Cited 15 time in Scopus
Authors

Kim, In Kyoung; Kim, Byeong Gwan; Kim, Won; Kim, Donghee; Kim, Yoon Jun; Yoon, Jung-Hwan; Lee, Hyo Suk

Issue Date
2012-09
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Citation
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY Vol.56 No.11, pp. 5511-5519
Keywords
복합학
Abstract
Although lamivudine (LAM) prophylaxis is recommended for patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) undergoing chemotherapy
for malignant disease, HBV reactivation sometimes occurs during or after LAM administration. The aim of this study
was to determine predictors of LAM prophylactic failure in patients with malignancies. Patients with malignancies were routinely
screened for serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from June 2002 to August 2008. All consecutive, HBsAg-positive
patients received LAM prophylaxis during and after completion of chemotherapy. We assessed risk factors for virologic breakthrough
and withdrawal hepatitis. Death without HBV reactivation was regarded as a competing risk event, which was adjusted
by Fine and Grays model. A total of 110 patients were included in this study. They received LAM prophylaxis for a median of 9.2
months. Virologic breakthrough occurred in 15 patients at a median of 10.9 months from the initiation of LAM prophylaxis.
Withdrawal hepatitis occurred in 15 patients at a median of 2.4 months after cessation of LAM prophylaxis. Multivariable analysis
showed that high baseline HBV DNA titer (>2,000 IU/ml) (hazard ratio [HR], 9.94; P 0.0063) and the use of rituximab
(HR, 3.19; P 0.027) were significant predictors of virologic breakthrough and that high baseline HBV DNA titer (HR, 5.90; P
0.007), liver cirrhosis (HR, 10.4; P 0.002), and distant metastasis (HR, 5.14; P 0.008) were independent risk factors for withdrawal
hepatitis. Patients with high viremia, liver cirrhosis, rituximab treatment, and distant metastasis are at high risk of prophylactic
failure and need antiviral agents with a greater barrier to resistance.
ISSN
0066-4804
Language
English
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/81532
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00821-12
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