조선총독부의 화전 정리 사업

Abstract

The Chosun Governor-General claims to remove the slash-and-bum farming fields for forest conservancy during colonial rule of the Korean peninsula. From the day of promulgation the Forest Law in 1908，Japanese authorities officially announced they would control the slash-and-bum farming field by granting a license setting fire on forest.

But this policy didnt apply widely, because the range of applications of the Forest Law that contained prohibition on slash-and-bum farming was not settled. Japanese authorities decided to inplement distinguishing the slash-and- bum farming field that must be removed and the land to be allowed, during Chosun Land Survey Project(1910~1918) and Forest Survey Project (1917~1924). Governor-General announced that the slash-and-bum farming field which has a gradient of under 30° would be defined as a farming field officially so that could be cultivated normally. The slash-and-bum farming fields which are in excess of those gradient forbidden to cultivate.

In 1916，Japanese authorities decided to carry out the displacement of the slash-and-bum farmers who had the slash-and-bum farming fiel with a gradient of over 30°. but this policy on slash-and-burn farming field turned out a failure, because the pushout return to their former home and residential area.

To rectify this problem, the Chosun Governor-General established new policy toward slash-and-bum farmers who displaced from their fields severely restricts their access to former residential area, in 1928，Japanese authorities created the special commission on slash-and-bum farmering fields to prevent disturbance that would be occur by korean farmer with an official business in the government-owned forest.

The commission decided to set up slash and burn farmers-cooperative societies. the societies that contained all the slash-and-burn farmers who displaced by authorities, and monitored the farmer"s living habits and moving.