반성과 지향의 이론적 형식으로서 러시아 언어학의 흐름: 마르주의 시기부터 현재까지

Abstract

In this work, I survey mam trends of the modem linguistics in Russia with a distinction of three periods: Marrism, structuralism, and post-structuralism. With this periodic distinction, I try to expose the epistemic presupposition of each period and to reexamine the oppositions of different theoretical orientations. Also I try to explain the underlying reason why Soviet linguistics, in contrast with mathematics and physics, was easily dominated by the ideologico-theoretical tendencies. During the period of Marrism, the debates set forward by E. D. Polivanov and the group "Jazykfront" could not be rightly estimated partly for lack of an objective evaluating system within the Soviet linguistics itself and partly because of the ideologico-theoretical arbitrariness of the Stalinism. Under the "arakceevsCina", however, the rich traditions of Russian linguistics, established by the beginning of the 20th century, could be continued except the historical and compartive discipline, the theoretical foundation of which is immediately in contradiction with the Marrism.