소비에트 정권과 투르케스탄 주교구의 변화 - 1920년대를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to understand how the Turkestan diocese changed for more than twenty years since the 1917 revolution. The Russian Orthodox church advanced into Central Asia to meet the religious desire of Russian peasants who immigrated to the region in search for land to plough, not to make Muslims christianized. The Russian government-general didn't give any economic support to Orthodox church in Central Asia with its policy not to stimulate the Muslim. However, thanks to the assistance of Russian peasants and merchants, the number

of the Orthodox church increased and the Turkestan diocese was founded on June 17, 1871. But the growth of the Turkestan diocese came to a deadlock as a result

of the establishment of the Soviet authorities in Central Asia. The persecution on religion in Central Asia began a little late due to the political confusion of the region. On the contrary, the first crisis of the Turkestan diocese came up not by the persecution of the Soviet authorities but by the split of Russian Orthodoxy. Some 'progressive' priests (obnovlenchestvo) formed the 'administration of the Turkestan diocese' and denounced the members of the 'official church' to the authorities on a charge of 'anti-soviet activity' for the purpose of coming into reginal power. The hostile act of obnovlenchestvo, prohibited the 'official church' from public activities, so the priests of the official church unwillingly had to associate with the obnovlenchestvo in the formal way. The obnovlenchestvo ended up coming into operation alone in the Turkestan diocese. In the late twenties the persecution of the Soviets on religion began as the Uzbekistan society became stabilized. The anti-religion propaganda was intensified and some church buildings were used in different ways to meet the 'need of the people'. But it was until this period that the Soviets and the obnovlenchestvo kept cooperation, so many churches were kept alive compared to other regions. Coming into the thirties, the Uzbekistan Soviets destroyed churches and arrested almost all priests. As a result, the Turkestan diocese barely maintained life. But the priests exiling from other regions organized secret church services, so the religious life of the Turkestan diocese was able to stay in existence.