러시아어에서 발화의 재현과 화법

Abstract

This study has three main goals. The first is to reconsider theoretically the representation of utterance as a phenomenon of linguistic "metarepresentation". The second is to describe the essential features of direct, indirect, and "free indirect" narrations in Russian from the semantic and pragmatic points of view. And the third is to reexamine their functional differentiations on the level of text grammar, especially in the frame of distinction: discourse/narrative. In approaching these goals, this study defines the essential characteristics of the three types of narration as following: the direct narration represents utterance, separating the point of view of its author and that of reporter, whereas the indirect narration draws the former into the latter; and both points of view are overlapped in the "free indirect" narration. The functional differentiation of these essential features of the three types of narration tends to be reduced in the discourse where the organizational principles are centralized around the speaker-reporter; on the other hand, their differences are fully utilized in the narrative in which the existence of narrator does not necessarily presuppose speaker or reporter.