泰安半島의 村落形成에 關한 硏究

Abstract

The aim of this study is to clarify the developmental process of rural settlements in the Tae-an peninsula. The Peninsula has long been called Naepo and is almost identical with the area of Sosan county. Consisting mostly of hilly land and having few large plains and rivers, it has been used mainly as dry fields. Most coastlines are irregular with small peninsulas, inlets, and wide tidal mud flats. Its isolation from the main roads leading to the northern and southern parts of Korea has fortunately saved this areas from war disaster, but has delayed the development of this area. We can still find many relic forests, hamlets, and dispersed settlements in the Peninsula.

Developmental process of the rural settlements are a history of forest reclamation by groups of people. With special reference to forest reclamation the distribution of villages and backgrounds of their developments were studied. The relationships between forest reclamation and settlements, reclamation of tidal flats and settlements, clan groups and settlements were traced.

Even though rather a large area for a regional study is hard to get sufficient rural records of the past. To solve such a problem, detailed field-works was relied on.

Thus the actual locale of the Tae-an Peninsula was field-surveyed and the inhabitants and informants in the area were interviewed. For the past five years, thirty two times of actual field-work has been made from October 1982 to October 1987.

In addition to field-work, I referred to the following books: Sejong-Shillok Chiriji(世宗實錄地理志), Tongguk-Yoji-Sungnam(東國輿地勝覽), Yoji-Doso(輿地圖書), Taeckriji(擇里志), and a lot of town and county histories. During the field-work the Ho-San-Rok(geographical records of sosan) written in 1619 was found. Topographic maps of ratio 1:50,000 published in 1919 were compared with those of the ratio 1:50,000 and 1:5,000 published in 1979 to trace the history of reclamation and change of the landscape. County land registers, forest registers, reclamation registers, and property maps were examined to analyze the process of reclamation and distribution of houses and arable farmlands. Genealogies and clan records were also examined to clarify the population increase and settlement expansion.