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일본의 재벌해체와 그것이 한국재벌정책에 주는 의미 : Dissolution of Japanese Zaibatsu and Its Implication in Korean Chaebol Policy
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2001
- Publisher
- 서울대학교 법학연구소
- Citation
- 법학, Vol.41 No.4, pp. 187-248
- Abstract
- The Japanese economy before and during the second world war was
dominated by the Zaibatsu - a few powerful families, wedded for mutual
protection and advantage with influential elements of Japanese society - who
controlled the major part of the industry, mining, finance and commerce of
Japan, and in large part, livelihood of the people of Japan. Independent
enterprises and free competition existed, but only in minor segments of the
economy. Characteristically, Japan was a land of private internal economic
empires featured by international and domestic cartel arrangements; pyramids
of operating and holding companies reaching their apexes in top family
holding companies; monopolies of basic resources, key services and strategic
equipment; and control over major banking and insurance institutions. In
order to reorganize Japan on a peaceful basis, it was essential to depose the
Zaibatsu, break their stranglehold on economic enterprise, and give the
ordinary businessman a stake in a democratic nation. Dissolution of the
Zaibatsu was undertaken by the Allied Command. The objective was to
build a competitive, private enterprise economy, established on the base of
a widely distributed ownership. Application of the dissolution program would
occur in two stages. The first was thought of as a surgical operation that
would break up the combines and establish their various company units as
independent competitive enterprises. Zaibatsu owners would be compensated
for transferred securities, which would be sold widely to the public. If the
surgical operation was to be effective, it would also have to reckon with the
close-knit personnel relations of the combine's managerial staffs. For the...
- ISSN
- 1598-222X
- Language
- Korean
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