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Achieving Economic and Environmental Performances: the case of Protected Designation of Origin farms in France. : 원산지보호명칭이 경제와 환경 부문에 미치는 영향 분석 - 프랑스 사례를 중심으로

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dc.contributor.advisorKim Kwansoo-
dc.contributor.author마티우 랑보뜨-
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-03T01:31:40Z-
dc.date.available2018-12-03T01:31:40Z-
dc.date.issued2018-08-
dc.identifier.other000000151887-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/143593-
dc.description학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 농업생명과학대학 농경제사회학부, 2018. 8. Kim Kwansoo.-
dc.description.abstract본 논문은 프랑스의 원산지 지정(Protected Designation of Origin, PDO) 낙농농가의 환경적, 경제적 성과를 평가하며, 이를 위해 총 수익과 온실가스 배출량을 우유 1리터(L) 당과 1 헥타르(ha) 당 단위 등 4가지 지표를 기준으로 살펴본다. 먼저, 프랑스 사부아(Savoie) 지방과 프랑쉬 꽁떼(Franche-Comté) 지방에 위치한 PDO낙농농가의 평균 온실가스 배출량은 리터(L) 당 1.05kg이며, 총 수익은 리터 당 0.35 유로(€)인 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서는 약 118개의 분석대상 낙농농가에 대한 군집분석(cluster analysis)을 실시하여 이 중 약 70개를 double performing농가로 분류하였다. 분류 나무(Classification Tree)를 활용하여 분석한 결과 double performing 농가는 규모의 경제(economies of scale) 특성이 있고, 첫 송아지를 일찍 낳는 경향을 보이며, 광물 비료나 연료를 덜 사용하고, 곡물(cereal)및 옥수수 수확량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이들 농가는 헥타르 당 생물다양성과 가축 밀도 및 개체 증식 속도(herds renewal)가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 나아가 본 연구는 계량경제모형을 활용해 PDO 낙농농가의 환경적, 경제적 성과를 향상시키는 요인을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 성과가 가장 좋은 PDO 낙농농가는 광물 비료 사용량이 낮고, 유기농 비료 사용량이 높았으며, 헥타르 당 연료 소비량이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이들 농가는 더 넓은 방목초지를 가지고 있고, 일시적 초지(temporary pasture) 사용기간도 더 길었으며, 초지 당 가축 사육 밀도도 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

키워드: 원산지지정, 온실가스 배출, 경제적 성과, 낙농업
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dc.description.abstractThis paper assesses the environmental and economic performances of Protected Designation of Origin dairy farms in France. Four indicators are retained: gross profit and gross Greenhouses Gases emissions, both expressed on a per liter of milk and per hectare basis. The average GHG emission of our sample of PDO farms in Savoy and Franche-Comté amounts to 1.05 kg CO2eq per L and the profit is 0.35€ per L. Over the 118 farms of our sample, we identify by cluster analysis 70 double performing farms. Using a classification tree, we uncover that these farms have economies of scale, their cows have their first calf earlier, use less mineral fertilizers or fuel and have higher cereals and corn yields. The double performing farms maintain more biodiversity per hectare, have a higher livestock density and herds renewal. Using an econometric model we identify practices that can act as levers of environmental and/or economic performances in PDO dairy production. The key farms characteristics and practices that define the best a double performant farm are a low mineral fertilizers use but a high organic one and a low fuel consumption per ha. Performing farms have more permanent pastures and longer rotation on their temporary pastures, as well as a lower livestock density.



Keywords : Protected Designation of Origin, Greenhouse Gases emission, economic performance, dairy farms
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dc.description.tableofcontents1. Introduction 1

2. Literature Review 5

2.1. DEA Analysis and the computation of efficiency scores 5

2.2. Econometric estimation of the economic performance using the environmental performance as explanatory variable 7

2.3. PLS regression and analysis of the impacts of the farms characteristics and practices on several performances indicators 8

2.4. Cluster analysis and between clusters comparison 11

3. Data 13

4. Methodology 15

4.1. Economic performance reconstitution 15

4.2. Clustering 15

4.2.1 Cluster determination 15

4.2.2. Drivers of the appurtenance to a given cluster 16

4.3. Econometric analysis on the whole sample 17

5. Results 20

5.1. A correctly reconstructed and relatively high economic performance of PDO farms 20

5.2. Synergies and antagonisms between economic and environmental performances 22

5.3. Two clusters of farms, one of which is double performing 23

5.4. No driver of double performance but many no regret levers 29

6. Discussion 36

6.1. Interpretation of the characteristics of double performant farms 36

6.2. Correlation between environmental and economic performance 37

6.3. Diverging results on the effects of farms characteristics and practices on the performances 38

6.4. Methodological advantages of the study 40

6.5. Limits of the study 40

7. Conclusion 43

References 45

Supplementary Materials 50

SM 1. Descriptive Statistics of the farms characteristics and farming practices. 50

SM 2. Multicollinearity Check of the independent variables 54

SM 3. Economic performance reconstitution 55

SM 4. Hierarchical clustering: optimal number of clusters 56

SM 5. Heteroscedasticitys correction Check of the SUR model 57

SM 6. Cross-validation of the SUR model 60

SM 7. Sensibility Analysis: GHG emissions without allocation to milk 62

SM 8. Sensitivity Analysis: Adding external labor as explanatory variable 64

SM 9. Sensitivity Analysis: Changing the LCAs perimeter 66
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dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.mediumapplication/pdf-
dc.language.isoen-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subject.ddc338.1-
dc.titleAchieving Economic and Environmental Performances: the case of Protected Designation of Origin farms in France.-
dc.title.alternative원산지보호명칭이 경제와 환경 부문에 미치는 영향 분석 - 프랑스 사례를 중심으로-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorMathieu Lambotte-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.contributor.affiliation농업생명과학대학 농경제사회학부-
dc.date.awarded2018-08-
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