Risk Factor and Treatment of Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia After Hysterectomy for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Abstract

Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the ASCCP.OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study were to identify the risk factors for recurrent vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN)1+ and to evaluate the efficacy of laser vaporization in patients who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). METHODS: Medical records of 374 women who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of CIN were retrospectively reviewed. Recurrence was defined as VaIN1+ diagnosis by colposcopy-directed biopsy. RESULTS: Among 374 patients, 36 (9.6%) had VaIN1+ during a median follow-up of 32 (0-193) months: 13 (3.5%) had VaIN1, 6 (1.6%) VaIN2, 15 (4.0%) VaIN3, and 2 (0.5%) invasive cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that age of greater than 50 years was the only independent risk factor for VaIN1+ recurrence (odds ratio, 3.359; 95% CI, 1.60-7.07; p = .001). Among the 34 patients with VaIN, 21 (61.8%) were treated with laser vaporization and 11 (32.3%) were observed without treatment. Time to second recurrence was longer in the VaIN treated by laser vaporization group than that in the observation group (mean time to subsequent recurrence, 128.7 [95% CI, 101.4-156.0] vs. 41.8 [15.7-67.9] months; p = .003). Moreover, laser vaporization (hazard ratio, 0.125; 95% CI, 0.03-0.59; p = .009) was the only independent good prognostic factor for the second VaIN1+ recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Patients older than 50 years who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of CIN might be highly at risk of VaIN1+. Laser vaporization is the only independent prognostic factor that might prevent the second VaIN1+ recurrence.