Enhancement of Wound Healing Efficacy by Increasing the Stability and Skin-Penetrating Property of bFGF Using 30Kc19α-Based Fusion Protein

Abstract

The instability of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a major disadvantage for its therapeutic use and means frequent applications to cells or tissues are required for sustained effects. Originating from silkworm hemolymph, 30Kc19 alpha is a cell-penetrating protein that also has protein stabilization properties. Herein, it is investigated whether fusing 30Kc19 alpha to bFGF can enhance the stability and skin penetration properties of bFGF, which may consequently increase its therapeutic efficacy. The fusion of 30Kc19 alpha to bFGF protein increases protein stability, as confirmed by ELISA. 30Kc19 alpha -bFGF also retains the biological activity of bFGF as it facilitates the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts and angiogenesis of endothelial cells. It is discovered that 30Kc19 alpha can improve the transdermal delivery of a small molecular fluorophore through the skin of hairless mice. Importantly, it increases the accumulation of bFGF and further facilitates its translocation into the skin through follicular routes. Finally, when applied to a skin wound model in vivo, 30Kc19 alpha -bFGF penetrates the dermis layer effectively, which promotes cell proliferation, tissue granulation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Consequently, the findings suggest that 30Kc19 alpha improves the therapeutic functionalities of bFGF, and would be useful as a protein stabilizer and/or a delivery vehicle in therapeutic applications.