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Transglutaminase 2 crosslinks the glutathione S-transferase tag, impeding protein-protein interactions of the fused protein

Cited 5 time in Web of Science Cited 5 time in Scopus
Authors

Kim, Hyo-Jun; Lee, Jin-Haeng; Lee, Ki Baek; Shin, Ji-Woong; Kwon, Mee-ae; Lee, Soojin; Jeong, Eui Man; Cho, Sung Yup; Kim, In Gyu

Issue Date
2021-01
Publisher
생화학분자생물학회
Citation
Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Vol.53 No.1, pp.115-124
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) from Schistosoma japonicum has been widely used as a tag for affinity purification and pulldown of fusion proteins to detect protein-protein interactions. However, the reliability of this technique is undermined by the formation of GST-fused protein aggregates after incubation with cell lysates. It remains unknown why this aggregation occurs. Here, we demonstrate that the GST tag is a substrate of transglutaminase 2 (TG2), which is a calcium-dependent enzyme that polyaminates or crosslinks substrate proteins. Mutation analysis identified four glutamine residues in the GST tag as polyamination sites. TG2-mediated modification of the GST tag caused aggregate formation but did not affect its glutathione binding affinity. When incubated with cell lysates, GST tag aggregation was dependent on cellular TG2 expression levels. A GST mutant in which four glutamine residues were replaced with asparagine (GST(4QN)) exhibited a glutathione binding affinity similar to that of wild-type GST and could be purified by glutathione affinity chromatography. Moreover, the use of GST(4QN) as a tag reduced fused p53 aggregation and enhanced the induction of p21 transcription and apoptosis in cells treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). These results indicated that TG2 interferes with the protein-protein interactions of GST-fused proteins by crosslinking the GST tag; therefore, a GST(4QN) tag could improve the reproducibility and reliability of GST pulldown experiments.
ISSN
1226-3613
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/202740
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-00549-9
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