수도권의 토지이용 변화 1900년대 초기와 현재의 비교 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine land use and land cover changes in the Capital region in Korea in 1914 and 1999. The study emphasizes the types of land use changes from agricultural, forest and tidal flats to urban uses. Land use and land cover data for 1914 were based on topographic maps in scale of 1 to 50,000, published in 1914. The topographic maps included detail information of land use and land cover data, such as forest, agricultural (both paddy field and dry-field), urban, settlement, tidal flats. The study area was covered by a total of 23 sheets of the topographic maps. These maps were redrawn based on land use and land cover types. They were also digitized and rectified based on georeferences. The data for 1999 were obtained from Landsat image of 1999. The image was classified based on the supervised classification method to produce land use maps of 1999. The images of 1914 and 1999 were analyzed by the post-classification change detection method. Land use and land cover types of 1914 and 1999 were compared for a detailed examination of land use changes. Based on the comparisons, maps of land use and land cover changes from forest to urban uses and from tidal flats to urban use were produced. Rapid urbanization and industrialization were the major driving forces to change land use and land cover in Korea, particularly during last several decades. At present, the capital region shares as much as 43 percent of the national total population, which was increased from 21 percent in 1960. Urban sprawl accompanied by rapid industrialization and urbanization during last several decades deteriorated and destroyed natural environments and formerly productive fertile agricultural lands and forest to provide land for urban and industrial uses. There is a great need to understand the magnitude of urbanization at present and the characteristics of land use and land cover changes.