서반아어 의 thetic/categorical 구분에 관한 연구

Abstract

This paper aims to see how the theticjcategorical distinction of logical judgement can be applied in Spanish. The t/ c distinction, proposed by Brentano and Marty at the end of the past century, challenged the notion of a unique type of human judgement composed of a subject and a predicate in Aritotelian tradition. In this century Mathesius (1929) was the first who paid attention and confined thetic statement to expressions lacking formal bipartiteness. After this study Kuroda (1972) applied the distinction in Japanese claiming to have found its syntactic relevance. Kuno (1972), Dahl (1974), Wehr (1984), Vattuone (1975), Sasse (1984; 1987) and many others reconsidered i않 theoretical aspect with not only European languages but non-European ones as well. However, there was nobody who described its syntactic and pragmatic relevance in Spanish. Based on these authors, particularly on the viewpoint developed by Sasse, we examined Spanish sentences and have found the t/c distinction lies grammatically on VS/SV word order and pragmatically hasadirect relation with the notion of topic. In Spanish all VS sentences, barring the ones that have topicalized element in left dislocation, can be considered as thetic by forming phonetically and situational-pragmatically only one unit, while all SV sentences, categorical. Unlike English and German whose subject accented sentences introduce thetic statement, Spanish ones depend primarily on the word order. Therefore we can say the notion of focus is not relevant in Spanish t/ c distinction.