대학생 전공전환 경험의 내용과 과정 및 유형에 대한 질적 분석

Abstract

본 연구에서는 대학생의 전공전환 과정에 포함된 경험의 내용, 과정, 유형을 탐구하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전공전환 경험이 있는 4년제 대학생 16명을 대상으로 면접을 실시하고, 그 자료를 Strauss와 Corbin(1998)의 근거이론 방법에 의해 분석하였다. 자료 분석 결과 182개의 개념과 62개의 하위범주, 25개의 범주가 도출되었으며, 대학생 전공전환 과정의 중 심현상은 전공전환 가능성에 대한 기대와 걱정, 인과적 조건은 잘못된 전공 선택, 맥락적 조건은 전공전환의 필 요성에 대한 인식, 중재적 조건은 전공전환을 위한 지원요인, 작용/상호작용 전략은 전공전환을 위한 활동, 결과 는 진로준비행동 강화와 취업걱정임을 알 수 있었다. 대학생의 전공전환 과정은 전공전환의 필요성 인식 및 구상, 대안 학과와 자신에 대한 이해 및 탐색, 중요한 타자들과의 상담, 새로운 학과에 대한 의사결정, 계획실행의 단계로 나타났다. 전공전환 과정에서 나타나는 핵심 범주는 성공적인 전공전환을 꿈꾸며 탐색과 실천을 계속해 나감 이었다. 대학생의 전공전환 경험 유형은 자기의지-지지형, 자기의지-인내형, 주변 권유-강압형, 주변권유-수용형의 4가지 유형이었다. 대학생의 전공 전환 과정과 유형별로 진로지도와 상담 서비스에 대한 시사점을 논의 하였다.

This study was to investigate what students experienced in major transition process and how the experiences were processed and what types were appeared to college students major transition. For these purposes, 16 students who did major transition participated in the interview. The data were analyzed by the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin(1998). As a result, 182 concepts, 62 sub-categories, and 25 categories were derived from the process of university students major transition. Through a paradigm model of the grounded theory, the major phenomena in the process of college students major transition was expectation and worry about the possibility of major transition. Causal condition was faulty choice of major, contextual condition was to see the necessity of major transition, intervening conditions were internal/external resources for major transition, action-interaction were the behaviors for major transition, and results were keep doing behaviors for getting job and anxiety for job-getting. Students major transition processes consisted of five steps: the first was awareness and planning stage for major transition, the second stage was understanding and exploring alternative majors, the third was consulting stage with significant others, the fourth stage was to decide new major, and the final was plan implementation stage. The core category of major transition process was to keep going on searching and executing with hope for successful major transition. The major transition experience types of college students were classified 4 categories such as self volition-support, self volition-patience, others recommendation-coercion, and others recommendation-acceptance. These types were derived from 2×2 type of self volition type and others recommendation type.