韓國都市의 機能的特性과 類型分類

Abstract

The purpose of this study are to examine a functional classification of Korean cities by the analysis of urban system in 1980, and to find out the socio-economic and political factors what influenced to the process of the reorganization of Korean society since 1960's. All cities(shis) with more than 50,000 inhabitants have been included in the multivariate methods in conjuction with 31 variables concerning socio-economic and population structures. The arranged set of variables using factor analysis gathered from the data of 1980 Population and Housing Census Report conducted by the Economic Planning Board, Republic of Korea. The conclusions of this study are as follows:

1. The basic urban dimensions analysed in the study are reflected in the following set of components: 1) economic structure, 2) urban population size, 3) professional service functions, 4) commercial and simple service functions, 5) age composition, 6) educational level and family structure, 7) singular industry. The cumulative variances with seven factors are 89%, and factor 1 and 2 interpret especially 62% of the total variances. These two factors are closely related to the industrialization, urbanization, and bureacratism, the major factors in the process of the Korean social changes since 1960's. Especially the industrialisation accelerated the differential urban growth and the changes of the urban functions.