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Improvement of Flame Retardancy in Phenolics and Paper-Sludge/Phenolic Composites
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 1997
- Publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Citation
- Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 69, 2043–2050 (1998)
- Keywords
- paper sludge ; phenolics ; flame retardance
- Abstract
- Paper-sludge/phenolic composites were fabricated using a novolac-type
phenolic resin and paper sludge. A phosphate flame retardant containing halogen (tris
2-chloroethyl phosphate) and inorganic flame retardant (aluminum trihydroxide) were
introduced into neat phenolics and paper-sludge/phenolic composite in order to improve
their flame retardancy. In addition, magnesium hydroxide and halogenated flame retardant
were added into the paper-sludge/phenolic composite. The flame retardancies
were estimated with the UL 94 test. To study the flame retardant mechanism, thermal
analysis of the phenolics and the paper-sludge/phenolic composites were carried out
using a thermogravimetric analyzer and a differential scanning calorimeter. The phosphated
flame retardant and inorganic flame retardant both showed the flame retardant
effect on the phenolics. However, the flame retardancy of the paper-sludge/phenolic
composite was enhanced only by phosphated and halogenated flame retardants. This
result is attributed to the fact that the flame retardancies of the phenolics and papersludge/
phenolic composite depend on their heat capacities and decomposition behaviors.
- ISSN
- 0021-8995
- Language
- English
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